Knee Replacement Surgery

What is Knee Replacement Surgery?

Knee replacement (total knee arthroplasty) is a surgical procedure in which damaged cartilage and bone are removed from the knee joint and replaced with artificial implants. Partial knee replacement (unicompartmental) replaces only the damaged portion of the knee, preserving healthy tissue.

Symptoms Indicating Need for Surgery

• Severe, persistent knee pain that limits daily activities
• Stiffness and swelling that doesn't improve with rest
• Difficulty walking, climbing stairs, or standing from sitting
• Pain at night or rest that disrupts sleep
• Knee deformity (bow-legged or knock-kneed)
• Failure of medications, injections, or physical therapy

When to See a Doctor

Consult an orthopedic surgeon if knee pain affects your quality of life, limits mobility, or if conservative treatments (medication, physiotherapy, weight loss) have not provided relief after 3-6 months. Early consultation allows for better planning and outcomes.

Treatment Options

• Conservative: Physical therapy, NSAIDs, steroid injections, weight management
• Partial Knee Replacement: For isolated damage in one compartment
• Total Knee Replacement: For widespread osteoarthritis

Procedure Overview

The surgery is performed under spinal or general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision to access the knee, removes damaged bone and cartilage, and positions metal implants on the femur and tibia. A plastic spacer is placed between them for smooth joint movement. The procedure typically takes 1-2 hours.

Recovery Timeline

• Day 1-2: Mobilization with walker, pain management
• Week 1-2: Discharge home, physiotherapy begins
• Week 6: Return to light activities, driving (if applicable)
• 3-6 months: Full recovery with physical therapy

Frequently Asked Questions